What sort of person are you?

What Sort Of Person Are You?

         You need to write out your birthday and turn it into a magic number, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11  and 22. Suppose you were born on April 6th 2003. Write it out like this: 6/4/2003. You add up all the digits 6 + 4 + 2 + 0 + 0 + 3 = 15. Unfortunately 15 isn’t on the list, so you keep going. You add up 1 + 5 = 6. That’s your magic number!

         If your number is 10, then that’s not a magic number. You have to do 1 + 0 = 1  and that’s your magic number! If your number is 11 or 22, you don’t add 1 + 1 or 2 + 2 because these are called “master numbers” which makes you very special.

    Ooooh!

Now have a look and see what your like!

Thank You Pak 'n Save

Worlds most dangerous animals

There are a lot of dangerous animals in this world. Some people have experienced being hit by one of these animals.

1. AFRICAN ELEPHANT

The African Elephant is by far known as the largest animal on land. These intelligent plant eaters aren’t dangerous when left alone but conflicts between humans & elephants can lead to deadly attacks.

WHEN ELEPHANTS ATTACK

Elephants are typically peaceful animals, but they can be deadly when they are defending themselves, their young or their territories. During mating season, old male go to musth (pronounced as “must”) and they become very aggressive and dangerous. Elephants attack other animals and humans by charging (as fast as 30 mph ), goring with their tusks with deadly force. As humans take away more elephant habitats and harm more animals, elephants attack more often. African and Asian elephants together kill about 500 people every year.

If one charging elephant is dangerous, an elephant stampede is off the scale.

HANDY TRUNKS

An elephants trunk can do nearly everything a human hand can do, and more. It can pick up objects as large as a tree trunk or as small as a blade of grass. It can even spray water as well. Elephants even use their trunks to communicate with each other, by sound and touch. They also use their trunks to smell things. Their trunks are even used as weapons.

THAT’S WILD

SCIENTIFIC NAME: Loxodonta Africana

LENGTH: 25 ft (7.6 m)

HEIGHT: 13 ft (4 m)

WEIGHT: 7 tons (6.4 t)

LOCATION: Southern and Central Africa

2. BENGAL TIGER

This tiger is becoming extinct. It is also the biggest member of the cat family. More than half of all wild tigers are bengal tigers. Tigers hunt large mammals like deers and wild pigs. In areas where human activity has taken away tiger habitat and food, the biggest cats may prey on livestock or even people.

Tigers have the longest canine teeth of any predator on land. The teeth can measure up to 3 inches, 7.6 cm in length. As long a human middle finger.

STRIPED TIGER

Tigers hunt by stealth and surprise, either waiting in ambush or silently stalking an unsuspecting deer or pig. The striped coat makes the tiger nearly invisible in tall grass or trees. With a rush and a leap, the tiger slams into its prey and drags it to the ground with 4-inch (10 cm) claws. A bite to the neck kills smaller prey. With larger prey, the tiger clamps its canine teeth on the animal’s windpipe until it suffocates.

A running tiger can hit a top speed of 35 mph (56 kph), but it can’t keep that pace up for very long. When stalking or waiting in ambush, the tiger needs to be within 100 feet (30.5 m) of its prey before charging.

THAT’S WILD

SCIENTIFIC NAME: Panthera tigris tigris

LENGTH: 9 ft (2.7 m), nose to tail.

WEIGHT: up to 400 lbs. (181 kg)

LOCATION: India, Nepal, Bhutan and Bangladesh

3. BLACK WIDOW SPIDER

Drop for drop, a black widow spider’s venom is more powerful than a rattlesnake. Luckily for humans, this spider is shy and will bite a person only in self-defence. It’s bite causes swelling muscle pain, and temporary paralysis, but usually not death. Still, the venom is fatal to one out of every 25 people bitten.

DANGEROUS FEMALES

Only female black widows are dangerous to humans. They are shiny black or sometimes brown, with a red hourglass shape on their undersides. Males are smaller and lighter brown.

BUG KILLER

Whether or not, a black widow’s bite is fatal to human, it’s certain death for the spider’s prey. The black widow waits in hiding by its web until a fly, beetle, or other insect gets trapped in the sticky mesh. The spider rushes out, imprisons its prey in a cocoon of silk, then punctures the insect with its fangs and injects the deadly venom.

WATCH OUT

People are most likely to come across black widows in places like the corners of basements, barns, and garages. Before indoor plumbing, many black widow bites happened when the victim accidentally sat on the spider in the outhouse.

THAT’S WILD

SCIENTIFIC NAME: Latrodectus mactans

SIZE: 1.5 in. (3.8 cm)

LOCATION: every continent except Antarctica.

4. CAPE BUFFALO

The cape buffalo is a wild African cousin of the domestic cow. But it’s a bigger and much more dangerous cousin. Cape buffalo are famous for their short tempers and dealy 5-foot (1.5 m) horns.

ARMED WITH HORNS

A cape buffalo's main weapons are their gigantic horns. Both males and females have them. The males horns widen and flatten at the base to form a helmet like-shield (called a “boss.”) on the buffalos forehead. Each curved horn can be as long as 5 feet (1.5 m). Males spar with their horns when competing for mates. These contests are like rituals rather than real fights. But cape buffalos won’t hesitate to use their horns as deadly weapons to protect themselves and others in the herd from predators. There are many stories of big game hunters being gored to death or tosed into the air by angry cape buffalo.

THAT’S WILD
SCIENTIFIC NAME: Syncerus caffer caffer
LENGTH: 11ft. (3.4 m)
HEIGHT: 5ft. (1.7)
WEIGHT: 2 000 lbs. (900 kg)
LOCATION: much of southern America.

Maths - Algebra

MATHS - ALGEBRA

Introducing Algebraic Expressions

         In maths, we use symbols to represent numbers, operations and formulae. It is important to understand how these are arranged.

         It is useful to be able to explain mathematical ideas using words. However, it is equally important to be able to use symbols - such as numbers (e.g. 5), letters (e.g. x) and signs (e.g. +).

         We often use x to represent some number in a mathematical calculation. Sometimes, we refer the letter x as a variable or a pronumeral.

 EXAMPLES

    x + 4 means a number with 4 added on.

    x - 20 means 20 less than x, or the result of taking away 20 from a number.

MULTIPLICATION & DIVISION

     The two symbols x and ➗ are not used very often in algebra.

     We leave out the multiplication sign.

EXAMPLE

5 lots of x, or 5 x X, is written as 5x.

EXERCISE 1.01

1. Match each algebra expression with an english phrase from the box.

1. x + 3     
2. x - 2
3. 5x
4. x + 5
5. 2x
6. 3x
7. x - 1

         2. Write down algebra expressions for the english expression.

1. A number with 10 added to it.
2. A number with 15 subtracted from it.
3. A number multiplied by 4.
4. A number multiplied by 7.

         3. Write down the english expression for each algebra expression.

1. 6x          B. x + 9

      C.   x - 12     D. 5x

         4. For each english expression, write down an algebra expression chosen from the box.

1. Ten times a number.                 
2. A number divided by 10.
3. Ten divided by a number.
4. Ten more than a number.
5. Ten less than a number.

         5.  Write down these expressions without using multiplication or division signs.

1. 6x         B. x ÷ 6           C. 20 x X         D. x ÷ 30        

     E. p x 9               F. 12 x y           G. 100 ÷ x         H. p ÷ 9    

         6.  Write an equivalent algebraic expression for each of these.

1. x take away 7.
2. Six more than x.
3. Twelve lots of x.
4. Ten less than x.
5. The number of cents in x dollars.
6. The number of days in x weeks.
7. The sum of p and q.

         7.  Show the meanings of these expressions by including multiplication signs.

1. 4p        B.  6p - 1

      C.  pq         D.  2 + 3p

         8.  Rewrite these expressions, showing all the implied multiplication and division signs.

1. 12 x          B.  x/6  

      C.  cd             D.  7/y

         Substitution [replace the variable (letter or symbol) with a number to work out the value]

        If x = 7, then x + 3 = 10.

         But if x = 24, then x + 3 = 27.

          The number represented by x + 3 depends on the value of x.

EXERCISE 1.02

1. The value of x is 8. Calculate each of these expressions.

1. x + 2 =             B.  x + 10 =             C.  x + 27 =             D.  x + 6 =

     E.  x + 8 =              F.  x + 1 =                G.  2 x X =              H.  4 x X =

1. 7 x X =             J.  3x =                    K.  10x =                L.  9x                          

     M.  x ÷ 4 =             N.  x/2 =                   O.  x/8 =                  P.  48/x =

         2.  A car factory uses a rule to decide how many tyres it needs to purchase when it is assembling cars. The rule is:

    The number of tyres = 5 x the number of cars

    The manager writes down this rule as:

    Number tyres = 5x

1. What does x stand for in this expression?
2. The factory is assembling 60 cars. How many tyres does it need to purchase?
3. What is the value of 5x when x = 40?

    EXERCISE 1.03

1. Here a = 4, b = 5, c = 13 and d = 28. Calculate the value of each of these expressions.

1. a + b          B.  a + c + d          C.  d + b

     D.  b - q           E.  c - b                 F.  d - a

         2.  An airline provides two types of dinner on a flight - chicken and fish. The total number of meals served on a plane can be worked  out using the rule c + f. What is the value of c + f when:

1. c = 41 and f = 35?
2. c = 56 and f = 29?

         3.  Sounds Unlimited use this rule to work out the number of CD’s they sell each week: Number sold = number in shop at start of week - number in shop at end of week.

1. Explain what x stands for in this rule.
2. Explain what y stands for in this rule.
3. Calculate the value x - y when x = 20 and y = 7.
4. Explain in words what you have worked out in part c.

SIMPLIFYING ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS

There are two ways we can show multiplication:

1. with at ‘times’ symbols (x),
2. by placing the letters, or number and letter, next to each other.

                          

Example

    Each of these are equivalent.

                     

Using the x symbol	Simplified
2 x X	2x
p x q	pq

Here are the rules writing multiplication expressions as simplified as possible.   

Rule	Example
Any number in the expression are multiplied	4 x 2x = 8x
If there is more than one letter, they are written in alphabetical order	3d x 5c = 15cd
Numbers are placed in front of letter when multiplying	p x 2q = 2pq

Exercise 1.04

Simplify these expressions.

1. 4 x 3x                  8.  4c x2d                15.  4d x 2c x e
2. 2 x 5x               9.  2g x 3f               16.  3 x 2a x 5
3. a x c                10.  p x 2a               17.  1 x 10q x 1
4. 3 x p                11.  2a x 4b              18.  2 x 4p x 2q x r
5. 1 x d                 12.  q x 2p x 3r        19.  4a x b x 2c
6. 7 x 2x                 13.  f x 2d x 5e        20.  q x r x p  
7. b x a                 14.  3o x q x 2p

     Expressions with like terms

Like terms are those that have the same combination of letters. For example 3ab, -5ba and ab are all like terms. Other examples of like terms are: (a) x2, 3x2, -5x2   (b) ac2e, -3ac2e, 5ac2e

                                                              

Unlike terms have different letter combinations. For example (a) ab and bc are unlike terms. (b)  x and 2x are unlike terms because the powers of x are different.

          Complete the Statements

• A algebraic ___________ is made up of __________ and operators such as +, -, x, ÷ and ().

• A ______ is made up of numbers and letter symbols but not operators.

    For Example,

1. 3a + 4b - a is an ______          b. 3a, 4b and 5 are _______ in the expressions.

      c.   3a and a are called ______ because the both contain a number and the letter symbol a.

                                                                                      Choose your answer from: expression, term,

                                                                                                                                                          like term

Like terms can be added and subtracted

Examples

1. 5 dogs + 7 dogs = 12 dogs      

            5d + 7d = 12d

     2.     14 pigs - 6 pigs =  8 pigs

             14p - 6p = 8p

     3.     8 mangoes  + 5 apples - 3 mangoes - 2 apples = 5 mangoes + 3 apples

             8m + 5a - 3m - 2a = 5m + 3a

     4.     6x2y + 5x2y = 11x2y

     5.     3x + 5 + 6x - 2 + 7 + y = 9x + 10 + 9x + y